Like several immunosuppressive biologics, the JAK inhibitor upadacitinib is also approved for the treatment of Crohn’s disease. Commissioned by the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA), the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) has now investigated in an early benefit assessment whether the drug offers an added benefit versus the appropriate comparator therapy to patients with moderate to severe active Crohn’s disease who have had an inadequate response, lost response or are intolerant to conventional therapy or a biologic agent.